Wastewater resource application is the future advancement instructions of sewer treatment and is additionally an inescapable requirement for lasting human advancement. Organic matter drawn out from sewage or sludge, such as minerals and phospholipids, can be used as printing and dyeing basic materials, key adsorbents, and organic flocculants. It is made use of in water treatment, agriculture, gardening, the paper market, treatment, the construction market, and various other fields and has excellent relevance. Recycling worth.
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There are many types of microorganisms in the continuing to be sludge. Therefore, the materials drawn out from it should be a mix of different polymer compounds. Whether they are intracellular or extracellular polymer compounds, they all have common active teams, such as carboxyl, hydroxyl, and phosphate. Teams and various other functional teams. The existence of these groups permits the drawn out polymer materials to be utilized as heavy steel ion adsorbents.
As a clean therapy technology, ultrasonic waves do not call for the addition of chemicals throughout the action and will not trigger secondary pollution. Ultrasonic waves can disperse flocs in the water phase, and the cavitation effect can break large fragments into little fragments. Ultrasound is an energy-intensive treatment method, and its greatest disadvantage is its high energy consumption, which restricts the possibility of useful applications. Surfactant has a solubilizing impact, which can wash off proteins on the cell membrane, enhance the permeability of the cell membrane layer by affecting the osmotic pressure, and magnify the damage to the sludge floc. Furthermore, surfactant activity can advertise the extraction of EPS from remaining sludge, transform the cell framework, and impact sludge residential properties.
Surfactant-enhanced ultrasonic techniques can be utilized to extract natural polymer materials and as a pretreatment method to decrease energy consumption. The increase in the extraction amount of PSs from the continuing to be sludge under the activity of surfactant-enhanced ultrasound results from the release of organic matter as a result of floc fragmentation and cell dissolution.
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First, surfactants, such as anionic (such as sodium dodecyl sulfate, SDS) and cationic (such as cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, CTAB), are used to boost the partnership in between sludge and polymer materials. Interactions between. They can lower the surface area tension of sludge, making it simpler for polymer compounds to separate from sludge.
Subsequently, ultrasound is presented to improve the removal result even more. The solid resonance and shock waves created by ultrasonic waves can damage the framework of sludge and rupture cell wall surfaces, thereby releasing even more polymer materials. In addition, ultrasound can additionally promote the communication between surfactants and polymer substances, making the removal procedure more efficient.
During the extraction process, it is additionally needed to maximize the experimental parameters, such as the regularity, power, and activity time of ultrasonic waves, to attain the best removal result.
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Generally, surfactant-enhanced ultrasonic removal of polymer substances in recurring sludge is an efficient and innovative method. It not only boosts removal performance but also helps increase the scope of source utilization of continuing to be sludge, offering brand-new opportunities for the growth of sewer therapy and source recuperation areas. However, the functional application of this technique needs more research and optimization to solve possible technical troubles and financial problems.
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